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c) Buildings
iv) The Judgment Hall
At the larger temples without exception you will always find the
Myongbu-jon (Judgment Hall) which contains Ksitigarbha, the Bodhisattva of
the Suffering (Chijang Posal in Korean) his two attendants, Modukkuiwang, a
wise man and cousin of the Buddha, and Tomyong-jonja, a disciple, as well
as the Ten Judges who determine one's fate after death according to the
deeds performed during life. The Ten Judges may be statues, rarely
portraits only, but often there is a combination with pictures depicting
the punishments of wrong-doers. Around the judges are errand boys to carry
writing brushes and paper; near the door are messengers; and just inside
the doorway, two ferocious, ready-to-strike guards. One attendant holds a
box which contains the keys to paradise. Usually, too, there will be a
mirror somewhere. This is actually the instrument of Yama, the God of Death
who shows us a reflection of ourselves so that we may judge ourselves, for
we know what we have done.
v) The Museum
Most of the large temples have a museum. There, ancient and valuable
objects are stored and made available to visitors at special times.
vi) Smaller Buildings
Another building often seen is the Yong-san-jon, named for a sacred
mountain in India where the Buddha delivered the Lotus Sutra. Within is
found Sakyamuni Buddha with numerous nahan (Arahants: enlightened disciples
of the Buddha). The total number ranges from sixteen to 500.
Portraits of special monks are in the Pyochung-won in larger temples and in
the Main Hall in smaller temples.
Halls for the secondary Buddhas and Bodhisattvas are often named according
to the statue that they house. Piro-jon is the small shrine housing the
Vairocana Buddha, the Cosmic Buddha. The Yaksa-jon is for the Universal
Healer, Yaksayorae. Miruk-jon is for the Future Buddha, Maitreya (Miruk-bul
in Korean). The Kwannum-jon is important as it houses Avalokitesvara, the
Bodhisattva of Compassion (Kwan-seum Posal in Korean) a source of succor
for all who suffer.
The Palang-jon, another building at larger temples, honors the eight
important events in the life of the Buddha with large murals. These are
often very magnificent and sometimes old and celebrated, as in Haein-sa.
vii) The Monks' Buildings
The living quarters, guest rooms, kitchens and eating hall are usually a
little off to one side of the compound. In larger temples, there is also a
study hall where monks live while learning the basic texts and chants. And
there is almost always a meditation hall, at least in larger temples,
carefully built in the quietest corner of the temple compound. These days,
because there are so many visitors, there may a cafeteria-type eating place
where anyone is welcome to come and eat at the meal times.
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